Business
CBN affirms use of loan deposit ratio to tackle inflation
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has reaffirmed its use of the Loan Deposit Ratio (LDR) as a crucial tool in managing Nigeria’s inflationary pressures, expressing confidence that this strategy will effectively mitigate headline inflation despite challenges in the agricultural supply chain.
Reducing the LDR of banks from 65 percent to 50 percent, the CBN aims to foster economic stability, emphasising the importance of channelling funds into the real sector to stimulate growth.
CBN’s acting director in banking supervision, Adetona Adedeji explained the rationale behind this policy adjustment during a recorded podcast titled “Loan to Deposit Ratio Adjustment.”
“If you want to combat inflation using the orthodox method, you need to balance what you do with the monetary policy tools and other measures,” CBN’s acting director in charge of the banking supervision Adetona Adedeji said during the recorded podcast that was posted on the bank’s website.
Adedeji underscored the relationship between the LDR, monetary policy rate, and cash reserve ratio, stating that contractionary measures necessitate increases in both the Monetary Policy Ratio and Cash Reserve Ratio. Lowering the LDR, he argued, is instrumental in controlling inflation, aligning with the CBN’s mandate to maintain price stability amidst inflationary pressures.
Commercial banks are directed to adhere to the prescribed LDR levels, ensuring ongoing assessment of compliance based on daily figures. Adedeji emphasised the significance of the LDR in evaluating banks’ lending capacity, risk management, and financial system stability.
“The contractionary measure of the CBN means that it wants to reduce money supply. And when an economy is experiencing inflationary pressure as it is currently with Nigeria, it is the duty of the apex bank to ensure price stability.
“To achieve this, the apex bank uses diverse means including the option of adjusting the money supply, the best option is to bring down the LDR to ensure that banks’ ability to lend more to the economy and circulate more cash is reduced,” he said.
He said the central bank is trying to combat inflation in different ways to give the economy a facelift. “And that is exactly what the central bank is doing today. Whatever it takes to fight inflation, we’re going to do that,” he stated.
“Sometimes it’s not the quantum of credit that you’re able to churn out that matters, but the quality of the credit you’re able to package. In line with the CBN mandate, the apex bank is utilising orthodox monetary policy to manage the economy and LDR is one of the metrics used to evaluate banks’ lending activities, relative to their deposit base,” he stated.
In addressing inflation, the CBN employs a multifaceted approach, prioritising the quality rather than the sheer quantity of credit disbursed. Adedeji affirmed the CBN’s commitment to leveraging orthodox monetary policy tools, including the LDR, to uphold its mandate and foster economic resilience.
First Bank of Nigeria Limited (FirstBank) has secured a significant victory at the Court of Appeal in its case against General Hydrocarbons Limited (GHL) filed by their lawyers Babajide Koku SAN and Victor Ogude SAN, as reported by Nairametrics.
In its ruling on Thursday, 11 September 2025, the Court of Appeal set aside the earlier decision of the Federal High Court, Port. Harcourt, Obile J, which had dismissed FirstBank’s claims regarding the fraudulent diversion of proceeds from the sale of crude oil cargo pledged as collateral for loan facilities.
The dispute arose from crude oil aboard the FPSO Tamara Tokoni, which GHL had pledged to FirstBank as security for substantial loan facilities. Contrary to the terms of the pledge, GHL diverted the proceeds from the sale of the cargo, prompting the Bank to seek legal redress.
FirstBank filed an appeal challenging the trial court’s decision that had treated the matter as a simple debt recovery. The Court of Appeal, in its ruling, affirmed the maritime nature of the claim and emphasised the importance of preserving the Res, the crude oil cargo, as the central issue in dispute. The Court set aside the earlier order of the trial court vacating the order of arrest of the 2nd respondent.
The appellate court allowed FirstBank’s appeal and set aside the Federal High Court’s ruling. It authorised the sale of the crude oil cargo aboard FPSO Tamara Tokoni, with the proceeds to be deposited into an interest-yielding escrow account under the custody of the Chief Registrar of the Court of Appeal, pending the hearing and determination of the case at the trial court and the court of arbitration. The Chief Registrar was also appointed to take possession of the cargo and ensure its protection against dissipation or unauthorised disposition by any party.
This ruling marks a significant milestone for FirstBank and reinforces the Bank’s commitment to upholding the integrity of financial transactions and protecting the interests of its stakeholders.
FirstBank remains steadfast in its dedication to sound corporate governance, legal compliance, and the protection of its assets. The judgment of the Court of Appeal sets a strong precedent for the enforcement of collateral agreements and accountability in high-value commercial transactions.
There has been a surge of enthusiasm among many Nigerians as President Tinubu’s economic policies begin to yield promising outcomes.
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has enacted more stringent controls while sustaining a lower exchange rate at the official windows. Click link to continue reading.
The black market exchange rate for the dollar to naira continues to highlight Nigeria’s forex supply challenges, with many individuals and businesses relying on the parallel market for transactions.
CBN maintains tighter controls and a lower rate at official windows, limited access and allocation restrictions force most importers, businesses, and students abroad to turn to the parallel market, where prices reflect actual demand and supply pressures. Click link to continue reading.
The Dollar to Naira exchange rate in the black market continues to highlight Nigeria’s forex supply challenges, with many individuals and businesses relying on the parallel market for transactions.
CBN maintains tighter controls and a lower rate at official windows, limited access and allocation restrictions force most importers, businesses, and students abroad to turn to the parallel market, where prices reflect actual demand and supply pressures. Click link to continue reading.
The exchange rate of the Dollar to the Naira in the black market serves as a stark indicator of the ongoing foreign exchange supply challenges facing Nigeria.
As the official market remains constrained by stringent regulations enforced by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), many individuals and businesses find themselves increasingly dependent on the parallel market to fulfill their currency needs.
The naira traded near a five-month high at 1514.86/$ on the official window at the close of last week, according to data from the Central Bank of Nigeria.
This indicates a strong start to September for the domestic currency, which started the month at 1,526.09/$ before closing at 1,514.86/$ on Thursday at the Nigerian Foreign Exchange Market.
The naira had last strengthened below the 1515/$ mark on March 6, when it closed trading at 1,512.30/$ on the NFEM. At the parallel market, it also appreciated, rising to 1,538/$, a 0.02 per cent strengthening.
Analysts maintain that the strength of the naira has been supported by improved liquidity and sustained dollar inflows. The Central Bank of Nigeria also intervened in the market to the tune of about $15bn.
Reviewing the FX market in the past week, AIICO Capital said the FX market opened the week on a calm note, with balanced flows keeping rates stable around $/N1527–1533 and no need for CBN intervention.
“Mid-week, offshore supply and opportunistic buying supported sentiment, lifting NAFEX fixing to $/N1528.13. Activity remained fluid with tight bid-offer spreads, as rates retraced to $/N1527.00 before stabilising.
Momentum improved further as the CBN intervened with $15m, and additional portfolio flows boosted supply, driving a sharp rally to the $/N1519–1523 range.
“By week’s end, the naira sustained gains, trading between $1508.00 and $1529.00. Overall, the currency appreciated strongly, closing at $/N1,514.8671,” said the AIICO Capital experts.
The weekly market report from Cowry Asset Management read, “In the coming week, we expect the naira to trade relatively stable across both the official and parallel markets, supported by sustained dollar inflows and a modest buildup in external reserves. However, pressures from speculative demand and global oil price volatility may cap further gains. The outcome of the OPEC+ meeting will be a key driver for crude oil prices, with any adjustments to production levels likely to influence Nigeria’s external earnings and, by extension, FX market dynamics.”
On the macroeconomic front, the country’s external reserves recorded a modest uptick, rising 0.10 per cent week-on-week to $41.31bn from $41.27bn, largely supported by stronger foreign inflows.
Analysts maintained that this increase in reserves provides an important buffer against external vulnerabilities such as volatile oil prices and currency pressures. It also offers the CBN greater capacity to intervene in the foreign exchange market when necessary, helping to stabilise the naira in the near term.
The outlook for the naira remains stable in the near term, supported by improved US dollar supply.
The black market exchange rate of the dollar to naira continues to highlight Nigeria’s forex supply challenges, with many individuals and businesses relying on the parallel market for transactions.
CBN maintains tighter controls and a lower rate at official windows, limited access and allocation restrictions force most importers, businesses, and students abroad to turn to the parallel market, where prices reflect actual demand and supply pressures. Click link to continue reading.
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