Economy
New VAT rate to be carried out in phases – Panel

The Chairman of the Presidential Tax and Fiscal Policy Reforms Committee, Taiwo Oyedele, has said the proposed plan to increase the Value Added tax rate from 7.5 per cent to 10 per cent will be implemented in phases.
This was as he revealed that empirical data had confirmed that less than 10 per cent of affluent Nigerians fulfill their obligation to file and pay the correct amount of taxes to the government.
Speaking at a public consultation workshop for journalists and public analysts held in Abuja with the theme, ‘Proposed changes to the national tax policy, tax laws and administration,’ on Monday, Oyedele stated that the VAT revenue-sharing formula had also been reviewed to increase state collection rate from 50 to 55 per cent, local government area to 35 per cent and reduce FG rate to 10 per cent.
He asserted that implementing this measure would not only enable the government to sidestep a notable decline in revenue but also mitigate the sudden surge in prices of goods and services overnight.
He said, “The reforms will reduce Company Income Tax from 30 per cent to 25 per cent but it will be implemented in phases, so like in 2025, it may be reduced from 30 per cent to 27.5 per cent and then in 2026, reduced from 27.5 per cent to 25 per cent. The VAT as well, which is part of the items we are adjusting upwards will also be in phases, in 2025, a little increment and in 2026, another increment.
“So overall, we don’t want to drop government revenue overnight, if we adjust overnight, the impact on government revenue will be significant and if it is increased overnight, the impact is still significant, so we would see a lot of phasing in the work we are doing but we would pass the law and it would tell you what the rate would be in the future. These are some of the things we are saying should be done to prove that there is proper planning.”
VAT is a 7.5 per cent consumption tax administered by the Federal Inland Revenue Service when goods are purchased and services rendered. The final consumer bears the tax burden.
Revenue generated from VAT is usually disbursed to the three tiers of government through the Federation Accounts Allocation Committee at a current formula of 15 per cent for the central government, 50 per cent for states and 35 per cent for local governments.
Checks by our correspondents showed that the government raked in N10.1tn from the collection of Value Added Tax under former President Muhammadu Buhari and constitutes a major source of income for sub-nationals.
Despite the huge amount, the government has clamoured for increased rates. The former Minister of Finance, Zainab Ahmed, had advised the current government to increase VAT from 7.5 per cent to 10 per cent.
The tax expert added that the committee had also recommended that food, education, medical services and accommodation to carry zero per cent VAT in order to reduce the cost of products affecting headline inflation.
According to him, steps have been identified to increase the compliance rate from 30 per cent to more than 90 per cent.
“Our major contributors to inflation account for 82 per cent of why there is inflation and why we think our recommendation will reduce inflation and not increase it. If we don’t allow this to work, we will lose out on the opportunity to make things better for ourselves.
“The solution to VAT is a political solution and not legal, so we have recommended that VAT collection should be in the constitution and we have recommended to the national assembly put VAT under the exclusive legislative list so that it can collected centrally but 90 per cent goes to the state and 10 to the central government and we think that would resolve some of the problems, particularly the percentage of derivation that they would get.”
“One of our recommendations is that nobody should qualify for elective office or government appointment unless they have fully complied with their tax obligations in terms of declaration and payment. Some rich Nigerians don’t pay tax and that is correct, we have the data to support that, if you look at the rich Nigerians who pay the right amount of tax are less than 10 per cent and that is where the money is and not in the informal sector.”
In his presentation, the chairman also revealed that the proposed list of harmonised taxes and levies included income tax, property tax, Value Added Tax, customs duties, excise tax, stamp duties, special levy, and harmonised levy.
He also hinted at the social security contribution, which he said was “not a tax.”
He said the Harmonised Tax Levy, which comprised road and market taxes, was meant to cater for the local governments.
The PFPTRC chairman said under the proposed new tax regime, income tax should now comprise Company Income Tax, Withholding Tax, CPT, and capital gain tax, among others.
He said, “VAT is very sensitive because people immediately feel it when paying for goods and services. what we have today is the collection of VAT on so many things including things that should not attract VAT like food, education, and health and many of those things have what we call tax exemption.
“There is another regime that is called Zero-rated VAT, which says that if you put VAT at zero per cent all the VAT incurred to produce the items will be paid back by the government. They have a choice between expert and zero rated for food
“We are saying that we need to take a second look at our VAT rate and focus on the things our people spend the money on the most, food, transport, and accommodation, so on those items, we want to remove the VAT as much as possible.”
He added, “That is where more than 90 per cent of our population spends more than 80 per cent of their income but once we do that, government revenue will drop by at least 60 per cent and we are very practical to know that nobody will approve that recommendation. so for them to approve, we would approve the VAT rate upward on anything other than rent, food, transport and essential items. Businesses can also claim input credit on services and assets and this will enhance their ability to start new businesses and grow existing ones. And this is why we recommended higher rates and share for states.”
A breakdown of the eight taxes showed that withholding tax, Petroleum Profits Tax, and Capital Gains Tax would be merged into company income tax, collected by the Federal Inland Revenue Service and be payable by companies and individuals with a sharing formula of 52.68 per cent to FG, 26.72 per cent or 100 per cent to states, and 20.60 per cent for LGAs.
The consumption tax and entertainment tax will be merged into the VAT, which will be shouldered by consumers, collected by the FIRS, and subsequently allocated 10 per cent to the Federal Government, 55 per cent to the states, and 35 per cent to the local governments.
Property tax, including the amalgamation of land use charges, tenement rates, and ground rates, will be consolidated into a single levy. This tax will be borne by property owners, and collected by the State Internal Revenue Service, with 70 per cent allocated to the respective states and 30 per cent for LGAs.
Customs duties, encompassing import and export duties and levies, will be unified into a singular levy. Importers will be responsible for payment, with collections managed by the Nigerian Customs Service. The distribution will allocate 52.68 per cent to the Federal Government, 26.72 per cent to the states, and 20.60 per cent to LGAs.
The gaming tax, liquor license fee, and telecom tax will be consolidated into an Excise tax structure. This tax will be payable by both manufacturers and consumers, with collection overseen by the FIRS. The revenue generated will be distributed, with 52.68 per cent allocated to the Federal Government, 26.72 per cent to the states, and 20.60 per cent to local governments.
While the electronic money transfer levy will be integrated into Stamp duties, which will be payable by both companies and individuals, the collection of the duties will be jointly managed by the FIRS and state IRS, with the entirety of the revenue remitted to the respective states.
The Tertiary education tax, NITDA, NASENI, ITF, LCL, and NDDC will be consolidated into a Special levy. This levy will be payable by companies and collected by the FIRS, with the entirety of the revenue collected retained by the government.
The harmonised levy for road and market taxes will be imposed on transporters and traders. This levy will be collected by the state’s Internal Revenue Service and distributed, with 30 per cent allocated to the states and 70 per cent to the local governments.
Source: The Punch
Economy
N22.9bn: How 36 states shared allocation fund in five months (Full List)

According to recent information from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the 36 states of Nigeria collectively received a substantial allocation of N22.90 billion from the federation account allocation committee (FAAC) as an ecological fund between January and May 2025.
This ecological fund serves as a crucial component of Nigeria’s federal revenue system, specifically dedicated to addressing pressing environmental challenges that the country faces, including erosion, desertification, flooding, oil spills, and droughts.
The management of this fund falls under the jurisdiction of the Ecological Fund Office, which operates within the Office of the Secretary to the Government of the Federation.
In April, the Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA) issued a stark warning that 1,249 communities across 30 states and the federal capital territory (FCT) are at high risk of flooding this year.
Additionally, another 2,187 communities spanning 293 local government areas were categorized as facing moderate flood risk. States such as Abia, Benue, Lagos, Bayelsa, Rivers, and Jigawa have been identified as particularly high-risk areas.
The repercussions of flooding were severely felt in 2024, where the natural disaster tragically claimed the lives of 321 individuals, impacted over 1.37 million people, and displaced more than 740,000 across the nation.
During the five-month period in question, Kano State emerged as the largest beneficiary of the ecological fund, receiving the highest allocation of N1.29 billion.
This was closely followed by Lagos, which secured N1.09 billion, and Borno, which received N1.01 billion. Other allocations included Katsina with N997.04 million, Bauchi with N970.20 million, and Oyo with N909.73 million.
Interestingly, Bayelsa, identified as one of the high-risk states, was allocated N358.80 million.
A detailed analysis by TheCableIndex revealed regional disparities in fund allocation, with the north-west zone receiving the most significant share of N5.85 billion.
The south-west followed with an allocation of N4.59 billion, while the north-east received N4.36 billion. The south-east was granted N3.15 billion, and the north-central zone received N2.54 billion, leaving the south-south region with the smallest allocation of N2.40 billion.
Here is a list of the ecological funds allocations to states in five months (January – May 2025):
S/N | State | Total Ecological funds in five months (N) |
1 | Kano | 1,286,544,379.13 |
2 | Lagos | 1,086,570,190.07 |
3 | Borno | 1,007,737,588.02 |
4 | Katsina | 997,035,278.84 |
5 | Bauchi | 970,203,089.39 |
6 | Oyo | 909,728,617.21 |
7 | Jigawa | 907,057,103.18 |
8 | Sokoto | 893,902,300.00 |
9 | Enugu | 815,695,489.05 |
10 | Adamawa | 807,977,549.14 |
11 | Zamfara | 807,143,535.75 |
12 | Anambra | 806,463,898.32 |
13 | Yobe | 805,428,208.86 |
14 | Ogun | 753,548,977.73 |
15 | Osun | 739,734,927.15 |
16 | Ebonyi | 725,642,920.73 |
17 | Ekiti | 725,233,444.67 |
18 | Kaduna | 531,361,448.30 |
19 | Niger | 480,382,255.58 |
20 | Benue | 454,814,057.07 |
21 | Kogi | 448,226,630.67 |
22 | Rivers | 437,368,743.17 |
23 | Kebbi | 428,229,139.39 |
24 | Plateau | 423,493,660.86 |
25 | Imo | 421,654,520.82 |
26 | Delta | 411,776,880.86 |
27 | Cross River | 407,812,547.55 |
28 | Akwa Ibom | 407,743,010.50 |
29 | Taraba | 390,653,979.13 |
30 | Gombe | 381,994,204.98 |
31 | Abia | 379,750,074.07 |
32 | Edo | 379,206,575.27 |
33 | Ondo | 377,520,921.32 |
34 | Nasarawa | 373,996,813.87 |
35 | Kwara | 361,000,036.84 |
36 | Bayelsa | 358,837,261.57 |
Total | 22,901,470,259.06 |
Economy
Oborevwori courts Brazilian investors, showcases Delta’s economic potentials in São Paulo

Delta State Governor, Rt. Hon. Sheriff Oborevwori, on Thursday urged the Brazilian business community to seize the vast investment opportunities available in the state and maintained that Delta is strategically positioned to become a hub for trade, agriculture, energy, and industrial development in Nigeria and West Africa.
The Governor made the call while delivering his remarks at the “Delta State-Focused Business and Investment Roundtable” in São Paulo, where he highlighted the state’s natural endowments, strategic location, and ongoing reforms aimed at creating a friendly environment for investors.
Oborevwori noted the strong ties between Nigeria and Brazil, citing similarities in population size, agricultural potential, cultural diversity, tropical climate, and a shared passion for football.
He described the roundtable as an avenue to forge strategic partnerships that would accelerate sustainable growth for both countries.
He explained that since its creation in 1991, Delta State has grown into one of the top five largest economies in Nigeria with a landmass of over 18,000 square kilometres and a population of more than six million people.
According to him, “Delta is blessed with vast natural resources and youthful human capital, making it an attractive destination for investors.
“Delta is Nigeria’s leading producer of crude oil and holds the largest natural gas reserves in the country, with two major export terminals in Escravos and Forcados”.
He also drew attention to the state’s long coastline, four seaports, and the on-going concession of the Burutu Seaport, which he said has the potential to become a major trans-shipment hub for West and South-West Africa.
He added that Delta is richly endowed with fertile soil for agriculture, with strong prospects in cassava, palm produce, rice, maize, aquaculture, and livestock.
“The state also has deposits of kaolin, silica, coal, lignite, and iron ore available for commercial exploitation,” he added.
On infrastructure, Oborevwori emphasized Delta’s advantage as a connecting point to major Nigerian markets such as Lagos, Onitsha, and Aba, while also boasting of three functional airports to enhance accessibility.
He stressed that his administration has invested massively in road networks to improve connectivity and ease of movement of goods and services.
Since assuming office in May 2023, the Governor said his administration has worked deliberately to improve the ease of doing business through tax harmonisation, the establishment of economic free trade zones in Koko and Kwale, and the enactment of business-friendly laws.
He also noted Delta’s recognition in 2024 by the Federal Ministry of Petroleum Resources as the safest state in Nigeria for oil and gas investments.
Oborevwori further disclosed that the state is advancing its agro-industrialisation drive with the development of a 180-hectare Agro-Industrial Park designed to host between 20 and 30 processing plants, along with new public-private partnership models for housing, energy, and manufacturing.
He explained that Delta has adopted a decentralized mini-grid model to boost sustainable energy and drive industrialisation.
The Governor expressed particular interest in learning from Brazil’s world-renowned ranching system, noting that Delta is eager to replicate aspects of the model to boost livestock production.
“I eagerly look forward to partnering with the business community of Brazil for our mutual benefit,” Oborevwori concluded.
Economy
How To Apply: FG shares link to apply for N50k cash grants

The Small and Medium Enterprises Development Agency of Nigeria (SMEDAN) has initiated a range of strategic programs aimed at fostering entrepreneurship, stimulating economic growth, and enhancing the capacities of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) throughout the nation.
A primary component of these initiatives is the SMEDAN Conditional Grant Scheme for Micro Enterprises, specifically designed for nano and small businesses.
This scheme provides conditional financial grants to assist nano enterprises in workforce development and the procurement of essential equipment. Its objective is to promote job creation and ensure business sustainability at the grassroots level. Click link to apply

Vice President Shettima
Beneficiaries, which include kiosks, vulcanisers, recharge card vendors, and other petty traders, will receive financial assistance tailored to their specific needs. Each nano business that hires at least one employee will be eligible to receive N50,000, thereby promoting employment and bolstering local economies.
Interested entrepreneurs may apply through several designated channels, including online portals, application forms, and specific government offices. Applicants are required to submit comprehensive documentation and project proposals that comply with the program’s guidelines, with an emphasis on the necessity of hiring at least one employee. The initiative aims to support projects that enhance the competitiveness, productivity, and sustainability of MSMEs. Such projects may encompass investments in technological advancements, infrastructure development, capacity building, market expansion, and innovation initiatives.
The grant amount is firmly set at N50,000 per beneficiary. Participating micro-enterprises can expect to realize various advantages, including improved operational performance, enhanced competitiveness, increased market access, job creation, and overall enterprise growth and development. Link to apply: grant.fedgrantandloan.gov.ng.
This scheme is part of the broader intention of the Nigerian government to stimulate small business development on a national scale. Vice President Kashim Shettima recently inaugurated a cutting-edge information and communication technology center for MSMEs in Cross River State, reflecting the current administration’s commitment to equipping entrepreneurs with essential tools and skills.
During the inauguration, Vice President Shettima announced that each distinguished MSME recognized would receive an unconditional grant of N50,000. He emphasized that this financial assistance serves as a gift to facilitate their business growth rather than as a loan. Furthermore, additional initiatives include a N75 billion MSME Intervention Fund through the Bank of Industry, a N50 billion Presidential Conditional Grant Scheme targeting one million nano businesses, and N75 billion allocated to support manufacturers, enabling each eligible manufacturer to access up to N1 billion at low interest rates.
As the government implements the Presidential Conditional Grant Scheme to support nano businesses across the nation, it has earmarked significant financial resources to ensure that these initiatives benefit all local government areas. This comprehensive framework underscores a robust commitment to enhancing the entrepreneurial landscape in Nigeria.
Economy
Delta Governor approves N10 billion to clear pension arrears

The Governor of Delta State, Sheriff Oborevwori, has authorized the immediate allocation of N10 billion to address outstanding pension arrears owed to retirees within the state.
This announcement was made on Tuesday during a meeting with Edwin Ogidi-Gbegbaje, the Chairman of the Bureau of State Pensions, as well as Anthony Osanekwu, the State Chairman of the Association of Contributory Retirees, in Asaba, as reported by the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN).
Governor Oborevwori indicated that the purpose of the meeting was to discuss various issues pertaining to the welfare of retirees, including the settlement of backlog payments and challenges related to the migration under the Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS). He noted that his administration has thus far disbursed over N36 billion for pension services in the state. Furthermore, he highlighted that N1.4 billion has been allocated monthly for pension payments since he assumed office.
The governor emphasized that the state has consistently fulfilled its monthly pension obligations during his administration. However, he acknowledged the necessity of urgently addressing the arrears that predated his tenure. “Our retirees are individuals who have devoted their best years to service in the state. It is both just and necessary that they receive the benefits to which they are entitled, and ensuring their welfare remains a top priority under my administration,” he stated.
In conjunction with this announcement, the governor established an oversight committee to monitor the implementation of the released N10 billion, underscoring the importance of maintaining transparency in the process. He reiterated his administration’s dedication to prioritizing the welfare of senior citizens who have contributed significantly to the state.
Ogidi-Gbegbaje characterized the governor’s announcement as a “pleasant surprise,” expressing confidence that the N10 billion allocation would provide substantial relief to retirees. He assured that the funds would be exclusively utilized for pension payments, emphasizing that the system is designed to ensure transparency and accountability.
Osanekwu also expressed gratitude to the governor for this unexpected and generous decision, remarking, “You took us by surprise; our expectations were significantly lower than the N10 billion you have just approved. I am elated, and I am confident that this news will bring significant joy to pensioners across the state.”
In May, Governor Oborevwori reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to the welfare of workers, noting that Delta State was among the first to implement a new minimum wage of N77,500, exceeding the national benchmark of N70,000. This adjustment increased the monthly wage bill from N11.5 billion to N15.3 billion.
As part of its civil service reforms and engagements, the administration has facilitated three town hall meetings and a notable dinner with senior civil service staff. “We have upheld our commitments in this area. Over 8,000 public servants have received training, including 450 senior management staff who participated in a comprehensive seven-weekend training program in collaboration with the Administrative Staff College of Nigeria (ASCON), thus marking a significant advancement in leadership development,” he stated.
The governor conveyed that to enhance understanding of the MORE Agenda, the government organized a strategic retreat with Sewa Assets Management for commissioners and heads of inter-ministerial agencies.
Regarding workforce expansion, he reported that 13,497 new teaching and non-teaching staff members have been recruited across the state’s 25 local government areas to address manpower shortages. Furthermore, promotion interviews have been conducted for over 2,193 officers, reflecting the administration’s commitment to career advancement.
Economy
Africa loses over $580 billion annually to corruption — AfDB

The African Development Bank (AfDB) has said that the continent is losing more than $580 billion every year through corruption and illicit capital outflows, a loss that continues to undermine the continent’s economic progress and deepen its debt woes, according to Nairametrics.
AfDB President, Akinwumi Adesina, who stated this in a Bloomberg interview, said the losses are so severe that they outweigh the continent’s ability to finance infrastructure and development, even as Africa’s total debt burden nears $2 trillion.
“It doesn’t matter how much water you pour into a bucket if the bucket is leaking. If you’re able to reduce the leakages to illicit capital, also corruption and all of these things, Africa will be able to keep a lot of these resources and meet the amount of infrastructure it needs,” Adesina said.
$1.6 billion lost daily
The AfDB estimates that Africa loses about $1.6 billion every single day to what it calls “financial leakages.”
This includes $90 billion annually in illicit financial flows, $275 billion lost through profit-shifting by multinational corporations, and $148 billion siphoned off due to corruption.
These losses come at a time when the continent is grappling with an annual infrastructure financing gap of up to $170 billion, a shortfall that must be addressed if Africa is to unlock economic growth and create jobs for its youthful population. Instead of channelling resources into such projects, many African governments are overwhelmed by soaring debt-service costs.
A joint study by the Boston University Global Development Policy Center and the Institute for Economic Justice recently found that debt servicing in Africa has climbed to its highest level since the early 2000s debt crisis.
Shockingly, more than half of African governments now spend more on interest payments than on public healthcare.
Adesina stressed that while access to concessional financing and debt restructuring are important, curbing corruption and illicit outflows remains the single most crucial step to safeguarding Africa’s resources and reducing its reliance on debt.
What you should know
The AfDB, in its recently released 2025 African Economic Outlook, had expressed concern about Nigeria’s rising debt costs, stating that the country is projected to spend 75% of its revenues on interest payments in 2025.
According to the Bank, a country’s debt-to-GDP ratio may be low and still face high debt burdens if substantial shares of revenue are channeled towards debt service payments.
The AfDB further explained that while many African countries experienced declining debt levels in 2022–2023 due to favorable interest-growth differentials, this trend remains vulnerable.
A slowdown in economic growth or a rise in interest rates, the Bank noted, could reverse recent gains. Moreover, reckless fiscal behavior and excessive borrowing, especially on commercial terms, could undermine progress.
Economy
Economy: IBB breaks silence on Tinubu’s government, reveals what Nigerians should do

President Bola Tinubu’s assumption of office on May 29, 2023, came at a critical juncture in Nigeria’s history, characterised by many challenges.
His declaration, “Subsidy is gone,” has sparked significant backlash against his administration, particularly as his tough policies have led to increased hardship for many Nigerians.
Former Nigerian military leader Ibrahim Gbadamosi Babangida has provided a comprehensive analysis of President Bola Tinubu‘s administration. …CONTINUE READING.
Fresh prophecy reveals who wins 2027 election as Tinubu warned
Babangida, a man of immense power and wealth, Babangida ruled the country as military Head of State from 1985 to 1993, leaving behind a legacy of economic reforms, political controversies, and an empire of investments that continues to fuel speculation decades later.
His administration was marked by sweeping economic policies, including introducing the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP), which aimed to stabilize the economy through privatization, foreign investment, and currency devaluation.
According to BusinessDay report, IBB has urged Nigerians to exercise patience and resilience during this challenging period, emphasizing that the difficult decisions being made by Tinubu are necessary for the long-term economic advancement of the nation. Babangida believes that these measures, while tough in the short term, are crucial for positioning Nigeria competitively on the global economic stage.
His insights reflect a hope that with perseverance, the country will ultimately reap the benefits of these strategic reforms.
The Nigerian people will reward that kind of strength, Babangida announced.
He acknowledged the challenges that Nigerians are experiencing as a result of the financial reforms currently being implemented, but he insisted that Tinubu’s policies would be validated by the long-term benefits. Pain does not last forever.
He said, “I have witnessed governments in the past making difficult decisions, and I am confident that Nigerians will see the results if patience is managed effectively.”
He emphasized that Tinubu’s ability to navigate complex political challenges has positioned him favorably for continued leadership, highlighting the significance of his past achievements and adaptability in the ever-changing political arena.
It is said that Tinubu is an expert in political survival. Despite the fact that he has been subjected to pressure, criticism, and enormous challenges, he continues to move forward.
Fresh prophecy reveals who wins 2027 election as Tinubu warned
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